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The name enstatite is derived from the Greek word Enstates which mean opposing. This is the refractive nature of enstatite and hence the name. Enstatite mineral is found din metamorphic and igneous rocks. The mineral is a member of the pyroxene family and is orthopyroxene in nature due to its orthorhombic symmetrical property. The major mining sources for enstatites are India, Burma, Tanzania, North Carolina, Pennsylvania and USA. The chemical composition of enstatite is MgSiO3 with magnesium and pyroxene silicate minerals. The iron rich content is FeSiO3 with Ferro silicate composition. The mineral is orthorhombic in nature and there are three polymorphs present in various states. They are protoenstatite- the high temperature and low pressure polymorph, protoferrosilicate with low temperature and clinoenstatite which is monoclinic. The iron rich content is called bronzite mineral due to the bronze like hue. The magnesium rich content have a greenish brown hue. It is also sometimes termed as altered natural enstatite gemstone. The other variety is the chrome variety with emerald green hues.
Enstatites have a high pleochroism. The colors range is white, grey, brown, greenish brown, green, etc. The sources of enstatite are South Africa, Burma, Norway, and many from Tanzania. Some enstatites from Sri Lanka and Indian show chatoyancy or cat's eye effect which is due the presence of fibrous content in the material.
Enstatites are said to promote belief, improves spirituality, and promotes memory power. It is also used as home decors and in ornaments. The hardness as measured on the Moh's Scale is 5.0 - 6.0. The Specific gravity is 3.20 - 3.25 and the Refractive Index : 1.650 - 1.680
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